Maintaining gut health as a paraplegic athlete has been quite a learning curve! As a Paralympic hand cyclist and adventurer, I am no stranger to the challenges of managing my body’s health. For athletes, intense training schedules lead to increased cortisol levels, inflammation and physical stress: gut health becomes a central piece of the wellness puzzle. For those with paraplegia, gut health can be even more complex due to reduced motility, the need for manual evacuation, and increased sensitivity in the digestive system. I have come to understand the importance of a balanced gut biome for energy, resilience, and overall well-being.
One of the main challenges is gut motility – or how quickly food moves through the digestive system. With paraplegia, nerve signals to the gut are often disrupted, leading to slower transit times and constipation. This can cause bloating, discomfort, and the need for manual evacuation, which not only affects the gut but can also become a source of stress. Prolonged stress contributes to increased levels of cortisol, the body’s “fight-or-flight” hormone – helpful in response to immediate stress, but chronic high levels can contribute to adrenal fatigue and even compromise the immune system. This has no doubt led me on multiple occasions to some acute health situations and hospitalisation including an internal abscess in my colon, polyps within the bowel, and due to a compromised immune system, repeated infections from my teeth to my bladder.
I am training again this year for a few physical challenges (a handbike trek to Everest base camp, a ‘Landspeed Armpower / Handbike Record’ attempt with students at Liverpool University a ride around Iceland with Adaptive Expeditions. I know that too much physical exertion is not healthy and I look back at previous somewhat addictive tendencies to exercise that have been detrimental. However, I love to move and to live adventure, so I need to do it differently this time. I absolutely do not want to get ill, or compromise my health. So, I am going in deeper than ever on caring for my gut biome.
I am fortunate to have the support of The Harpal Clinic in this, a longevity focused wellbeing centre who have supported me to analyse my gut biome and make further changes through nutrition, hydration, and targeted pre- and probiotics. Following a DNA nutrient test with them, the team there advised me to supplement with Glutathione which helps remove toxins from the body – based on my specific gene make-up so not necessarily right for everyone. My head is feeling a lot clearer! I’m also lucky to have a sister-in-law, Edwina Darke, as a nutritional therapist. By nurturing a healthy balance of gut bacteria we can reduce inflammation and I hope this will keep my body in good shape alongside the physical demands of training. Here are some strategies I am using that could be helpful for others managing similar issues, regardless of whether you like to stretch your body through physical exercise:
- Fibre and Hydration: Getting enough fibre is essential for gut health and can be a key factor in improving gut motility. I always include plenty of high-fibre foods in my diet—such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains—along with staying well-hydrated. Hydration is especially important because, without enough water, fibre can actually slow things down even more. Adding ground flax seed (golden linseed) into my daily diet has been a big help.
- Prebiotics and Probiotics: I ensure prebiotic foods like garlic, bananas, and onions are in my diet to “feed” the beneficial bacteria in the gut. I am also taking a high-quality prebiotic and probiotic supplement to ensure that my digestive system is populated with helpful bacteria, particularly useful given I have been exposed to significant antibiotic use to manage infections.
- Reducing Inflammatory Foods: Intense training can sometimes lead to inflammation in the body, and certain foods can make it worse. I have always avoided highly processed foods, too much sugar, and excessive caffeine, as these can exacerbate digestive sensitivity. I am focusing harder though on an even more diverse diet of anti-inflammatory foods like berries, leafy greens, and fatty fish, and on replacing my morning coffee with de-caffeinated to avoid a spike of cortisol and blood sugar response which caffeinated coffee stimulates.
- Mindful Eating and Stress Management: Since stress directly affects digestion, I incorporate different ‘mindful’ practices into my daily life: self-hypnosis, breathing techniques, meditation, a practice called Resosense and another called Innerdance which both help in somatic relaxation of the body. I am sometimes ‘too quick’ in everything I do, so a decision to eat more mindfully, slowing the pace and enjoying each bite is a new, helpful habit I have introduced.
By focusing on these practices, I know my gut health has already transformed from the days when I was often chronically constipated, bloated and felt heavy in body and mind as a result. But I know there is more I can do too! Things to work on include…
- Avoid coffee before breakfast, as it spikes cortisol & blood sugar.
- Add significantly more protein at breakfast.
- Even greater food variety to encourage more biome diversity.
- Try sodium butyrate supplementation to further support my microbiome.
- Work on improving my carbohydrate intake to support the more intense training sessions.
Hippocrates is famous for his quote: “All disease begins in the gut.” In fact, so many health issues connect to our ‘second brain‘, and indicate a good chance of having a disrupted gut. I hope you can find solutions to any gut or health challenges you may have, and if you’re interested consider joining the ‘Rest & Digest‘ online course starting 29th January.
Meanwhile, happy festive season and keep the food colourful and healthy as much as you can 🙂